ChatGPT中文站 — What the Blue Willow model thinks Artificial Intelligence looks like

使用LLMs（例如GPT-4）来提高您的管理技能。

简介

几个良好的提示可以为您提供一个练习管理技能的好机会。

我喜欢尝试不同的LLMs。对于我的预期用途，它们都很相似：从有趣的提示（比如“以Eminem的风格写一首赞美产品***的说唱歌曲”）到更为严肃的营销头脑风暴（比如“为产品***创建1000个用于营销的口号”）。

但最近我一直在寻找新鲜有趣的案例，与同事经理一起讨论这些情况，并提出最佳解决方案。今天早晨，我有了一个想法。如果可以利用LLMs创建有趣且互动的场景，来训练管理问题以及提供解决方案呢？

简要概述：

你可以使用LLMs来：

编写项目描述，以建立工作分解结构（WBS）、项目计划以及其他文档，然后将其提交给LLM，并得到反馈。
创造解决方案项目的案例，然后使用LLM生成的答案进行核对（这些答案通常非常通用但仍然正确）。
你可以通过角色扮演对话来练习冲突管理（有些类似）。

第一次尝试

如果我们直接在ChatGPT中输入提示，类似于：

➡️ 为我建模一个项目管理问题来练习，但不要提供解决方案

我们得到的输出不是我们需要的。尽管它正确地命中了典型的痛点，但问题听起来有些过于泛泛。

- *Sure, here's a project management problem for you to consider:*
    
    *You are leading a team tasked with developing a new software application 
      for a client. The project has a strict deadline and a fixed budget, and 
      there are a number of technical challenges that need to be addressed. 
      Your team is composed of both in-house and external contractors, and 
      communication between team members has been difficult due to time zone 
      differences and language barriers.*
    
    *As the project manager, you have noticed that progress has been  slower 
      than expected, and there have been several missed deadlines. You are 
      concerned that the project may not be completed on time and within 
      budget, and you are also worried about the quality of the final product.* 
    
    *What steps would you take to address these issues and ensure the project 
      is completed successfully?*

如果我们请求GPT更具体一些，我们将得到更多带有数字的具体结果，但仍不完全是我所寻求的：

- *Sure, here's a more concrete project management problem for you to consider:*
    
    *You are leading a team of ten developers and testers tasked with 
      developing a new e-commerce website for a client. The project has a 
      strict deadline of six months and a fixed budget of $500,000. The 
      website needs to be able to handle a high volume of traffic, process 
      payments securely, and provide a smooth user experience across multiple 
      devices.*
    
    *Your team is composed of six in-house developers and four external 
      contractors, who are located in a different time zone and speak a 
      different language. Communication between team members has been 
      difficult due to language barriers and the time difference. Your team 
      has also encountered several technical challenges, including integration 
      issues with third-party payment providers and difficulties optimizing 
      page load times.*
    
    *As the project manager, you have noticed that progress has been  slower 
      than expected, and there have been several missed milestones. You  are 
      concerned that the project may not be completed on time and within  
      budget, and you are also worried about the quality of the final 
      product.*
    
    *What steps would you take to address these issues and ensure the project 
      is completed successfully?*

如果我们向GPT要一个解决上述具体问题的解决方案，我们会得到一个相当通用的答案，其中可能包含解决您问题的方案：

- *As an AI language model, I cannot provide a definitive solution, but I can 
  provide some general steps that a project manager could consider to address 
  the issues in the project:*
    1. ***Assess the current situation:** Gather data and insights on the 
      progress of the project, identify the root causes of the delays and 
      missed milestones, and evaluate the risks associated with the remaining 
      work.*
    2. ***Communicate with the team**: Schedule regular meetings with the 
      team to discuss progress, issues, and solutions. Encourage open 
      communication and collaboration between team members, and provide clear 
      guidance on priorities, expectations, and deadlines.*
    3. ***Re-evaluate the project plan**: Review the project plan and timeline,
      and make adjustments as necessary to ensure that the project remains on 
      track. Consider re-prioritizing tasks, re-allocating resources, or 
      renegotiating deadlines with the client.*
    4. *Address technical challenges: **Work closely** with the development 
      and testing teams to identify and address technical challenges. Consider 
      bringing in additional expertise or resources if necessary.*
    5. *Mitigate language barriers: **Use translation tools** and/or **hire a 
      translator** to help bridge the language gap between team members. 
      Encourage team members to speak up if they are having trouble 
      understanding or communicating with each other.*
    6. *Monitor progress closely: **Keep a close eye on the progress** of the 
      project, and use metrics and data to track progress and identify 
      potential issues. Be prepared to adjust the project plan or take 
      corrective action as needed.*
    7. *Maintain quality standards: Ensure that the project meets the client's 
      requirements and quality standards. Conduct regular testing and quality 
      assurance checks to catch any issues early and avoid costly rework later 
      on.*

因此，我的第一个结论是，至少可以使用GPT-4作为机器生成项目描述与问题，以便您自己尝试解决。

案例生成器

我们不仅仅需要解决任意的案例，是吧？我们需要那些能让我们学到东西的案例，那么如何确保我们从LLM中始终获得可以立即使用的案例呢？

让我们根据前面的文本尝试以下提示：

➡️ 生成一个解决项目管理案例的方案

作为回应，GPT 给我们提供了一个相当长并且详细的项目描述，我们可以用它来建立一个 WBS，一个项目章程或者另一种 PMBoK 中描述过的文档。但是它仍然缺乏清晰的问题陈述。

- *Project Title: Development of a Mobile Application for Task Management*
    
    *Background:
    A medium-sized software development company, TechSolutions, has identified the need for a mobile 
      application to improve task management and collaboration among its employees. The current task 
      management process is primarily manual and lacks efficiency, leading to missed deadlines, 
      miscommunication, and a lack of visibility into project progress. The company aims to develop a 
      user-friendly mobile application that will streamline task management, enhance team collaboration, 
      and improve overall productivity.*
    
    *Project Objectives:*
    
    1. *Develop a mobile application compatible with both iOS and Android platforms.*
    2. *Enable users to create, assign, and prioritize tasks within the application.*
    3. *Provide real-time updates on task progress, deadlines, and milestones.*
    4. *Facilitate effective communication and collaboration among team members.*
    5. *Implement robust security measures to protect user data.*
    6. *Ensure a seamless user experience with an intuitive interface.*
    
    *Project Scope:*
    
    1. *Mobile Application Development:
      a. Design and develop a cross-platform mobile application using native or hybrid technologies.
      b. Implement features for creating, assigning, and prioritizing tasks.
      c. Integrate push notifications for timely updates on task assignments, reminders, and completion.
      d. Enable users to attach files, comments, and relevant details to tasks.
      e. Implement a search functionality to locate specific tasks.*
    2. *User Management and Authentication:
      a. Develop a user registration and login system.
      b. Implement role-based access control to ensure appropriate task visibility and management.
      c. Enable users to reset passwords and manage account settings.*
    3. *Task Collaboration and Communication:
      a. Integrate a real-time chat or messaging feature to facilitate communication among team members.
      b. Enable users to tag colleagues, send notifications, and engage in discussions related to tasks.
      c. Implement task comment functionality to capture relevant discussions and updates.*
    4. *Task Analytics and Reporting:
      a. Develop a dashboard to provide insights into task progress, deadlines, and completion rates.
      b. Generate reports on individual and team performance metrics.
      c. Implement data visualization techniques to present information in a user-friendly manner.*
    5. *Security and Data Privacy:
      a. Implement secure authentication mechanisms to protect user accounts.
      b. Encrypt sensitive user data and ensure secure storage.
      c. Conduct regular security audits to identify and address potential vulnerabilities.*
    
    *Project Deliverables:*
    
    1. *Mobile application prototype with core functionality.*
    2. *Cross-platform mobile application compatible with iOS and Android devices.*
    3. *User registration and authentication system.*
    4. *Task management features, including task creation, assignment, and prioritization.*
    5. *Real-time chat or messaging feature for team collaboration.*
    6. *Task analytics dashboard and reporting module.*
    7. *Robust security measures to protect user data and privacy.*
    
    *Project Constraints:*
    
    1. *Budget: $200,000*
    2. *Timeline: 6 months*
    3. *Resource Limitations: A project team comprising one project manager, two software developers, one UI/UX designer, and one quality assurance engineer.*
    
    *Key Stakeholders:*
    
    1. *TechSolutions Management Team*
    2. *Project Manager*
    3. *Development Team*
    4. *End Users (TechSolutions employees)*
    
    *Project Risks:*
    
    1. *Technical challenges during cross-platform development.*
    2. *Delays in integrating complex features such as real-time chat and push notifications.*
    3. *User adoption and resistance to change.*
    4. *Security vulnerabilities leading to data breaches.*
    5. *Limited resources impacting project timelines.*
    
    *The project manager will be responsible for overseeing the entire project, including planning, execution, and monitoring, to ensure the successful development and implementation of the mobile application for task management.*

我们可以要求它提供一些非功能需求。

- *Yes, in addition to the functional requirements, there are several 
    non-functional requirements that need to be considered for the development 
    of the mobile application for task management. These non-functional 
    requirements focus on aspects such as performance, usability, security, 
    and scalability. Here are some examples:*
    1. *Performance:
      a. The mobile application should have fast response times for task 
        creation, updates, and loading of data.
      b. The application should be able to handle a large number of 
        simultaneous users without significant performance degradation.
      c. The application should optimize battery usage to ensure it does not 
        excessively drain the device's battery.*
    2. *Usability:
      a. The mobile application should have an intuitive and user-friendly 
        interface.
      b. The application should be accessible to users with disabilities, 
        adhering to accessibility guidelines and standards.
      c. The application should support multiple languages to accommodate a 
        diverse user base.*
    3. *Security:
      a. The application should implement secure data transmission over the 
        network, utilizing encryption protocols (e.g., SSL/TLS).
      b. User authentication and authorization should be robust to prevent 
        unauthorized access to sensitive information.
      c. The application should have mechanisms to prevent data loss or 
        corruption in case of device theft or loss.
      d. Compliance with relevant data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR) 
        should be ensured.*
    4. *Scalability:
      a. The application should be designed to handle increasing user loads 
        and data volume without performance degradation.
      b. The system architecture should support horizontal scalability to 
        accommodate future growth and additional features.*
    5. *Reliability:
      a. The application should be highly available, with minimal downtime 
        for maintenance and updates.
      b. Error handling and recovery mechanisms should be in place to handle 
        unexpected failures or disruptions.
      c. Regular data backups and disaster recovery procedures should be 
        implemented to ensure data integrity.*
    6. *Compatibility:
      a. The application should be compatible with a wide range of mobile 
         devices, operating systems, and versions.
      b. It should adhere to platform-specific guidelines and best practices 
        for consistent user experience.*
    
    *These non-functional requirements will guide the development team in 
      ensuring that the mobile application not only meets the functional 
      requirements but also delivers a high-quality and user-friendly solution.*

尽管这样的描述对于实践WBS、建立SRS、项目章程、时间表、甘特图和其他瀑布式项目的要素非常有用，但这并不完全是我想要的。

让我们尝试以下方法：

给我提供10个可能会发生在项目中的问题的例子。

GPT履行：

- *Certainly! Here are ten examples of problems that might occur on a project:*
    1. *Scope Creep: The project scope gradually expands beyond the original 
      requirements, leading to increased workload, budget overruns, and 
      potential delays.*
    2. *Resource Constraints: Insufficient resources, such as manpower, 
      budget, or equipment, can hinder project progress and result in missed 
      deadlines or compromised quality.*
    3. *Communication Breakdown: Poor communication among team members, 
      stakeholders, or project managers can lead to misunderstandings, 
      delays, and ineffective collaboration.*
    4. *Stakeholder Conflict: Conflicting priorities, differing expectations, 
      or disagreements among stakeholders can create obstacles, causing delays 
      and hampering decision-making.*
    5. *Inadequate Risk Management: Failure to identify and mitigate potential 
      risks can result in project delays, budget overruns, or even project 
      failure.*
    6. *Lack of Project Control: Inadequate monitoring, reporting, and 
      control mechanisms can lead to a loss of visibility, making it 
      challenging to identify deviations from the plan and take corrective 
      actions.*
    7. *Poor Quality Management: Insufficient quality control measures or a 
      lack of adherence to quality standards can result in product defects, 
      customer dissatisfaction, and rework.*
    8. *Changing Requirements: Frequent changes in project requirements can 
      disrupt project progress, introduce scope creep, and create confusion 
      among team members.*
    9. *Technical Challenges: Unforeseen technical issues, such as software 
      bugs, hardware failures, or compatibility problems, can delay project 
      delivery and require additional effort to resolve.*
    10. *Ineffective Leadership: Inadequate leadership or project management 
      skills can result in a lack of direction, poor decision-making, and low 
      team motivation, affecting project success.*
    
    *It's important to note that these problems are common in project 
      management, and effective project managers are equipped to anticipate 
      and address them proactively.*

如果我们继续跟进

➡️ 为每个问题生成一个案例，每个案例限制在100字以内，不要提供解决方案。

我们终于接近我们需要的东西了。

1. *Case: Scope Creep
A marketing campaign project was initially scoped to create five promotional videos. However, stakeholders kept requesting additional videos, script changes, and design modifications throughout the project. As a result, the project timeline was extended, resources were stretched thin, and the project team struggled to meet the evolving demands.*
2. *Case: Resource Constraints
A construction project requires a specialized equipment operator, but the operator unexpectedly falls ill and is unavailable for several weeks. The project timeline is at risk, and finding a qualified replacement within the same timeframe proves challenging, potentially leading to delays and increased costs.*
3. *Case: Communication Breakdown
A software development project involves a distributed team working across different time zones. Miscommunications and delays in sharing critical project information occur due to language barriers, technical difficulties, and lack of proactive communication channels, causing misunderstandings and rework.*
4. *Case: Stakeholder Conflict
In a product development project, stakeholders from different departments have conflicting priorities. The marketing team wants additional features for a competitive edge, while the engineering team insists on adhering to the agreed-upon specifications. The conflict creates project bottlenecks, slows down decision-making, and hampers progress.*
5. *Case: Inadequate Risk Management
An event planning project fails to identify the potential risk of inclement weather for an outdoor venue. The lack of contingency plans leads to last-minute arrangements, including a change in location, which impacts attendee experience and overall event success.*
6. *Case: Lack of Project Control
A software implementation project lacks a proper project management framework, resulting in a lack of visibility into progress, task dependencies, and potential issues. The project manager struggles to identify deviations from the plan, leading to missed deadlines and inefficiencies.*
7. *Case: Poor Quality Management
In a manufacturing project, quality control measures are not properly implemented, leading to a high number of defective products. The lack of inspection processes and quality assurance protocols results in customer dissatisfaction, returns, and reputational damage.*
8. *Case: Changing Requirements
A web development project faces frequent changes in client requirements due to evolving market trends. The constant modifications disrupt project flow, introduce delays, and require constant rework, impacting both the timeline and the team's morale.*
9. *Case: Technical Challenges
A system integration project encounters compatibility issues between legacy and modern software systems. The technical complexities and the need for extensive customization pose unexpected challenges, leading to delays and increased effort required for seamless integration.*
10. *Case: Ineffective Leadership
A construction project suffers from poor leadership, as the project manager lacks the necessary experience and skills to effectively guide the team. Decision-making is inconsistent, communication is unclear, and team morale is low, resulting in a lack of direction and suboptimal project outcomes.*

以上提示可以通过扩大字数限制来改进，但GPT并不总是理解。另外，您可以尝试给响应一个结构，并让GPT遵循它。您还可以提示类似以下内容：

请提供更多有关第7个案件的细节。

让它更具吸引力。

如果我们不断点击“重新生成响应”按钮，我们会得到更多好的回答，但我想得到更多。

解决方案

如果我希望从GPT中获得全面的解决方案，该怎么办呢？下面的提示提供了足够好的解决方案，符合一般合理的管理惯例。同样重要的是，它们和案例一样简明扼要。

- *Solutions:*
    1. *Solution for Scope Creep:
    To address the issue of scope creep in the marketing campaign project, the project manager should implement a scope management plan. This plan should include the following steps:*
    2. *Clearly Define and Document Scope: Revisit the project's initial scope and clearly define the deliverables, requirements, and objectives. Document them in a detailed project scope statement.*
    3. *Change Control Process: Establish a formal change control process that requires all scope change requests to be documented, evaluated, and approved by the project stakeholders. This process should include an assessment of the impact on the project timeline, budget, and resources.*
    4. *Regular Stakeholder Communication: Maintain open and proactive communication with stakeholders to manage their expectations and keep them informed about the approved scope and any changes that occur.*
    5. *Prioritize and Assess Scope Change Requests: Evaluate each scope change request based on its urgency, impact, and alignment with the project objectives. Prioritize requests that are critical for project success and decline or defer non-essential requests.*
    6. *Monitor and Control Scope: Continuously monitor the project's scope and compare it to the approved baseline. Any deviations should be addressed promptly through the change control process.*
    7. *Solution for Poor Quality Management:
    To improve quality management in the manufacturing project, the project manager should implement the following solutions:*
    8. *Quality Assurance Plan: Develop a comprehensive quality assurance plan that outlines quality control measures, inspection procedures, and acceptance criteria for the manufactured products. This plan should align with industry standards and best practices.*
    9. *Quality Training and Standards: Provide training to the manufacturing team on quality standards, techniques, and best practices. Ensure that all team members understand the importance of quality and their role in achieving it.*
    10. *Inspection and Testing Protocols: Implement robust inspection and testing protocols at various stages of the manufacturing process to detect and rectify any defects or deviations from quality standards.*
    11. *Continuous Improvement: Foster a culture of continuous improvement by encouraging feedback from customers, monitoring defect rates, and implementing corrective actions to address quality issues promptly.*
    12. *Supplier Evaluation: Assess the quality of raw materials and components supplied by vendors. Establish clear quality requirements for suppliers and conduct periodic evaluations to ensure they meet the desired standards.*
    
    *By implementing these solutions, the project manager can improve quality control, reduce defects, enhance customer satisfaction, and protect the company's reputation.*

这些解决方案还行吧，但是基于上下文的LLMs的局限性开始发挥作用了。我们不能给它完整的背景和希望它神奇地为我们解决问题。尽管如此，这已经足够为有志之士准备他们所面临的问题，并让他们学习解决这些问题的普遍做法。

然而，我希望创建更具体而不那么枯燥的案例。

扮演对话角色

假设我们想要一些难以解决的案例，在许多情况下都涉及冲突。让AI模拟功能失调的行为非常困难，但幸运的是，我们有很多LLM，不仅仅是GPT-4。在下面的示例中，我使用了Sage模型。如果我试图让GPT扮演一个与一个侮辱同事的程序员进行1-2-1对话的角色，他真的会避免任何涉及辱骂等生成的情况。（我感到懒惰，真的想避免像DAN提示这样的诡计）。